史称上古无牡丹之名,统称芍药,花大而色深者称木芍药。汉代以牡丹为木芍药,唐武则天以后始盛,最著者有姚黄魏紫。开元、天宝年间,禁中皆呼木芍药为牡丹,盛行于长安。至宋代,以洛阳牡丹为天下第一。自唐迄宋,即有花王之誉。晚唐皮日休《牡丹》诗有云:“落尽残红始吐芳,佳名唤作百花王。”宋欧阳修《花品》说:“他花皆连用本名,至牡丹则不名,直日花,其意谓天下真 The ancient name of Peony was known as the ancient name of Peony. In the Han Dynasty, peony was used as a wolfberry herb, Tang Wu was born after the day and the most authors were Yao Huang Wei Zi. During the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years, all banned herbs were peony and were popular in Chang’an. In Song Dynasty, Luoyang Peony was the best in the world. From the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, there was a reputation of Kao. In the late Tang Dynasty, Pei Hugh’s “Peony” had a poem saying: “Once the residue is red, the name is called the king of flowers.” Song Ouyangxiu’s “Flora” said: “He spent all his life in the real name, and Peony was not known. Just spend the day, which means that the world really