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饱和碳原子上的亲核取代反应是有机化学中研究较早、较深入的课题。关于溶剂对这类反应的影响,在理论上已形成了著名的Ingold Hughes定律。而熔盐中的亲核取代反应,虽有研究,却未能在有机合成工作中引起人们的重视。本文报道以熔融的吡啶盐酸盐为溶剂,在干燥氯化氢作用下由1-庚酵合成1-氯庚烷的实验结果。实验证明:这是一种具有溶剂可以反复使用、反应时间短、收率高等优点的行之有效的方法。
The nucleophilic substitution reaction on saturated carbon atoms is an earlier and more in-depth study in organic chemistry. The effect of solvents on such reactions has, in theory, led to the well-known Ingold Hughes law. The nucleophilic substitution reaction in molten salt, though studied, failed to arouse people’s attention in organic synthesis. This paper reports the experimental results of the synthesis of 1-chloroheptane from 1-heptanone using molten pyridine hydrochloride as solvent under the action of dry hydrogen chloride. Experiments show that: This is a solvent can be used repeatedly, the reaction time is short, high yield and effective method of effective.