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目的 分析2012-2016年济南市疟疾监测系统发现的疟疾病例流行特点,为进一步提高疟疾诊治水平和防控能力提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2012-2016年济南市疟疾监测结果。结果 2012-2016年,济南市共发现疟疾病例91例,死亡1例。病例均为输入性病例,其中自非洲输入最多,占95.60%(87例);虫种以恶性疟最多,占82.42%(75例)。病例均为成年男性,以农民工为主。病例自发病至确诊,中位数为5 d,从首次就诊至确诊,中位数为1 d。首次就诊单位以市级医疗单位为主,占46.15%(42例)。首次就诊误诊率较高,村、乡镇级误诊率分别为100%(8/8、2/2),市级医疗机构误诊率最低,为7.14%(3/42)。45.05%(41例)疟疾病例出现并发症。结论 济南市输入性疟疾疫情日趋严峻,需进一步加强医务人员相关培训和多部门合作开展宣传教育,及时发现病例,积极救治,防止二代病例的发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria cases detected by Jinan malaria surveillance system during 2012-2016 and provide basis for further improving the diagnosis and treatment of malaria. Methods Retrospective analysis of the results of malaria surveillance in Jinan from 2012 to 2016. Results From 2012 to 2016, 91 malaria cases and 1 death were found in Jinan City. The cases were all imported cases, of which the most was imported from Africa, accounting for 95.60% (87 cases). The most common species were falciparum malaria, accounting for 82.42% (75 cases). Cases are adult men, mainly migrant workers. Since the onset of the disease to confirm the diagnosis, the median 5 d, from the first visit to confirm the diagnosis, the median was 1 d. The first visit to the municipal medical units, accounting for 46.15% (42 cases). The first misdiagnosis rate was higher, and the misdiagnosis rates at village and township level were 100% (8 / 8,2 / 2) respectively. The lowest misdiagnosis rate at municipal level was 7.14% (3/42). 45.05% (41 cases) Complications occurred in malaria cases. Conclusion The epidemic situation of imported malaria in Jinan City is becoming more and more serious. It is necessary to further strengthen the training of medical personnel and multisectoral cooperation to carry out publicity and education, find out the cases in time, and actively treat and prevent the occurrence of second-generation cases.