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本文在研究合金元素配比对高速钢组织性能影响的基础上,提出钨12钼2铬4钒稀土高速钢(简称W12R)。W12R符合我国资源特点,仍以我国富有元素钨为主体,但有较大幅度的节约。配合使用适量钼,细化炭化物颗粒,提高了钢的强度,韧性,有利于钨系高速钢的改进,同时还可发挥残存钼的作用,充分利用返回料。钢锭成本只与W18相当,但切削性能远超过后者,能达到高硬度水平却保持良好的综合工艺性能。不同W-MO配比的钢,钨每增加2％、钼相应降低1％,则淬火温度可提高10℃左右,如淬火温度相同,则晶粒细化半级左右。高碳型高速钢在较低的奥氏体化温度时,晶粒比相同基体成分的通用型高速钢细;在较高的奥氏体化温度时,晶粒比通用型钢粗。合理使用钇基重稀土可得到较好的低倍组织,钇在高速钢中的作用应该深入研究。
In this paper, based on the study of the alloying element ratio on the microstructure and properties of high-speed steel, proposed tungsten 12 molybdenum 2 chromium 4 vanadium rare earth high speed steel (referred to as W12R). W12R in line with China’s resource characteristics, still rich in elemental tungsten as the main body, but a more substantial savings. With the use of appropriate amount of molybdenum, refined carbide particles, improve the strength of steel, toughness, is conducive to the improvement of tungsten high-speed steel, but also can play the role of residual molybdenum, take full advantage of the return material. Steel ingot costs only W18, but the cutting performance far exceeds the latter, can achieve the level of high hardness while maintaining good overall process performance. Different W-MO ratio of steel, tungsten for each additional 2%, 1% lower molybdenum, the quenching temperature can be increased by about 10 ℃, such as the same quenching temperature, the grain refinement about half a level. High-carbon high-speed steel at lower austenitizing temperature, the grain than the same matrix composition of the common high-speed steel fine; at higher austenitizing temperature, the grain coarse than the general-purpose steel. Reasonable use of yttrium-based heavy rare earth can get better low magnification, yttrium in high-speed steel should be in-depth study.