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目的调查眩晕与脑卒中风险的相关性,为眩晕患者的脑卒中进展及发病率提供临床参考依据。方法通过查阅已有病例记录及定期会诊或随访,采用χ2检验和t检验统计分析所有眩晕患者在为期1年的调查中脑卒中的发生情况。所有患者被分类为脑卒中组和非脑卒中组进行比较分析。结果在已有的3530例眩晕患者中[平均年龄(53.73±25.17)岁],脑卒中的发生概率为0.65%[23/3530,平均年龄(69.82±16.22)岁],明显高于对照组的0.43%[24/5589,平均年龄(70.36±18.45)岁]。脑卒中类型中缺血性占73.91%,非典型性占8.70%和出血性占16.92%。脑卒中的发病率随年龄的增长而增加(P<0.001)。眩晕患者患有共患病的概率较对照组更高(P<0.0001)。共患病眩晕患者(如糖尿病、高血压、高血脂、冠心病和心房颤动等)的脑卒中发病率同样较高(P<0.001)。结果眩晕患者较对照组人群有更高的脑卒中风险。一些脑卒中可能在初期表现为外周性眩晕。而一些中枢性眩晕同样可能最终演变成脑卒中。中年男性、糖尿病、高血压、高血脂、冠心病和心房颤动等均为眩晕患者发展成脑卒中的风险因素。
Objective To investigate the correlation between vertigo and stroke risk and provide clinical reference for stroke progression and morbidity in patients with vertigo. Methods By reviewing the records of existing cases and regular consultation or follow-up, the incidence of stroke in the one-year survey of all vertigo patients was statistically analyzed by Chi-square test and t-test. All patients were classified as stroke group and non-stroke group for comparative analysis. Results Among the 3530 vertigo patients [mean age (53.73 ± 25.17) years], the incidence of stroke was 0.65% [23/3530 (mean age 69.82 ± 16.22)], which was significantly higher than that of the control group 0.43% [24/5589, mean age (70.36 ± 18.45) years]. Stroke type of ischemic 73.91%, atypical 8.70% and hemorrhagic 16.92%. The incidence of stroke increased with age (P <0.001). Patients with vertigo had a higher prevalence of comorbidity than controls (P <0.0001). Patients with comorbid vertigo (such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation, etc.) also had a higher incidence of stroke (P <0.001). Results Patients with vertigo had higher risk of stroke than control subjects. Some stroke may manifest as peripheral vertigo at an early stage. Some central vertigo may also eventually lead to stroke. Middle-aged men, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation are risk factors for the development of stroke in patients with vertigo.