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采用电子探针背散射电子图像、波谱和能谱分析技术,对包头稀土精矿中钍的赋存状态进行了研究。结果发现稀土精矿中没有独立的钍矿石[方钍石(ThO2)、铁钍石(Th,Fe,Ca,Ce)(Si,P)(O,OH).nH2O、钍石(ThSiO4)],而主要以类质同象形式存在于稀土矿物(氟碳酸盐矿物和磷酸盐矿物)。在浮选过程中,钍的独立矿物与含铁的矿物一起浮选出去。氟碳酸盐矿物主要有氟碳铈矿和氟碳钙铈矿,其ThO2含量可高达1.68%;磷酸盐矿物主要是独居石,其ThO2含量可高达1.67%。虽然稀土精矿中没有高含量的独立钍矿物,钍的含量依然高于文献报道中稀土精矿钍的平均含量(约0.2%)。
The occurrence state of thorium in Baotou rare earth concentrate was studied by electron probe backscattering electron image, spectroscopy and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that there is no independent thorium ores (ThO2, Fe, Ca, Ce) (Si, P) (O, OH) .nH2O, ThSiO4] , And exists mainly in the form of isomorphism in rare earth minerals (fluorocarbon minerals and phosphate minerals). During flotation, thorium’s independent minerals are flotated together with iron-bearing minerals. Fluorocarbon minerals are mainly bastnaesite and bastnaesite, its ThO2 content up to 1.68%; phosphate minerals are mainly monazite, its ThO2 content can be as high as 1.67%. Although there is no high content of independent thorium in rare earth concentrate, the content of thorium is still higher than the average content of thorium (about 0.2%) reported in the literature.