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最近十多年来,日本、菲律宾的水稻单产都有明显的提高.其原因除选育推广高产的水稻新品种,很大程度上取决于合理施肥.特别是根据水稻高产品种的特性和土壤、气候条件,相应增加施肥量,改进施肥技术,对水稻高产起了重要作用.此外,改善灌排系统,改良土壤的不利因素,改进植物保护方法,也是不容忽视的.几年来,我国大面积推广杂交水稻高产品种,在增产上起了重要作用,但由于施肥技术未能很好结合,出现有的过度损耗土壤中潜在养份,有的施肥过多或不适时的现象,造成稻草的含氮量增加,空秕率增大,稻谷生产效率偏低.因此,如何针对高产水稻的品种特性和土壤气候条件正确运用施肥技术,是夺取高产水稻再高产的一个关键问题.现将最近十多年来国外有关这方面的研究资料加以搜集编译,供各地参考.
In the past ten years, the yields of rice in Japan and the Philippines have been significantly increased because, in addition to selecting and popularizing high-yielding new rice varieties, it depends very much on the rational application of fertilizers, especially on the basis of characteristics of high-yielding rice varieties and soil, Climatic conditions, the corresponding increase in the amount of fertilizer, improve fertilization techniques, the high yield of rice has played an important role.In addition, to improve irrigation and drainage system, improve soil unfavorable factors and improve plant protection methods, also can not be ignored .In recent years, China’s large-scale promotion High-yielding hybrid rice varieties play an important role in yield increase, but due to poor combination of fertilization techniques, there are some excessive loss of potential nutrients in the soil, and some over-fertilization or inappropriate phenomenon, resulting in straw nitrogen Therefore, how to apply fertilization technology to the characteristics of high-yielding rice varieties and soil climate is a key issue to seize high-yielding rice and then high-yielding rice.In the recent ten years To foreign countries in this area to collect research data compiled for reference.