学龄前患儿身心发育尚不成熟、认知能力较差，处于认知发展水平的前运思期，他们面对陌生的手术室环境、与父母分离等情况极易产生焦虑，影响手术顺利进行。文章对近年来学龄前患儿术前实施兴趣诱导的理论基础、干预方法等内容进行梳理，为指导医护人员降低患儿术前恐惧，减轻术前焦虑，保障围手术期安全提供更有效的干预方案，以期为患儿提供人文化的舒适医疗服务。“,”Preschool children have immature physical and mental development, poor cognitive ability, and are in the preoperational stage of cognitive development. They are easily anxious in the face of unfamiliar operating room environments and separation from their parents, which affects the operation\'s smooth operation. This paper sorts out the theoretical basis and intervention methods of preoperative interest induction in preschool children in recent years and provides more effective interventions to guide medical staff to reduce preoperative fear, reduce preoperative anxiety, and ensure perioperative safety. The plan is to give the children culturally comfortable medical services.