一、前言 随着我国农村经济的迅速发展和农业科技水平的不断提高,我国农村现正在经济条件相对发达,田块相对集中的水稻、小麦生长地区大面积推广使用机动联合收获机械。但由于机械成本高,配套技术服务、操作技能要求高以及受南方部分丘陵山区、水渍田域等地理条件制约,仍有相当一部分农村主要沿用面朝黄土背朝天的人力手工收割方式,劳动强度大、生 I. Introduction With the rapid development of our country’s rural economy and the continuous improvement of agricultural science and technology, our country’s rural areas are now relatively well-developed economic conditions, relatively concentrated plots of rice, wheat growing areas to promote the use of mobile combined harvesting machinery. However, due to the high mechanical costs, technical services, high operational skills and the limited hilly areas and waterlogging fields in the southern part of China, a considerable number of rural areas still rely mainly on hand-harvesting techniques that are loess facing back to the sky. The labor intensity Big, raw