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目的评价天津市重点人群地方性氟中毒防治知识知晓情况及健康宣传教育的效果。方法在天津市选择2个重点区(县),每个项目区选择3个项目乡(镇),在中心小学校4~6年级开展地方性氟中毒健康教育活动;每乡选择3个村开展社区健康教育活动。在健康教育干预前后进行问卷调查,对结果进行比较分析。结果小学生获得地方性氟中毒相关知识的途径主要是通过学校(62.22%),而家庭主妇主要是通过电视(58.89%)。小学生、家庭主妇的知晓率分别由健康教育前的57.78%、70.00%提高到健康教育后的93.33%和91.48%。不同文化程度的家庭主妇对相关知识的了解差异无统计学意义。结论健康教育提高了小学生和家庭主妇对地方性氟中毒知识知晓率。
Objective To evaluate the knowledge of prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis in Tianjin key population and the effect of health promotion and education. Methods Two key districts (counties) were selected in Tianjin. Three project villages (towns) were selected in each project area. Local fluorosis health education activities were carried out in grades 4 to 6 in primary schools. Three villages were selected in each township for community development Health education activities. Before and after health education intervention, a questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the results. Results Primary school students gained knowledge of endemic fluorosis mainly through schools (62.22%), while housewives mainly through television (58.89%). The awareness rate of primary school students and housewives increased from 57.78% and 70.00% before health education to 93.33% and 91.48% after health education respectively. Housewives of different education levels had no significant difference in understanding of relevant knowledge. Conclusion Health education improves the awareness of primary fluorosis among primary school students and housewives.