一、引言1981年,智利率先对其社会保障体制进行了基本结构的改革。新体制是一种强制性限定缴款模式。从此,养老金改革席卷全球。改革的起因都是源于现收现付体制面临即将破产——那里的人们不再相信政府能够或愿意兑现他们的承诺。因此,必须建立新的、私营的全面基金体制以结束或者逆转非基金债务的积累,并改变旧体制面临的长期财政危机状况。 I. Introduction In 1981, Chile took the lead in carrying out the basic structural reform of its social security system. The new system is a mandatory limit payment model. Since then, the pension reform swept the world. The causes of the reforms stemmed from the imminent bankruptcy of the pay-as-you-go system - where people no longer believed in the government’s willingness or willingness to honor their promises. Therefore, we must establish a new, private comprehensive fund system to end or reverse the accumulation of non-fund debt and change the long-term fiscal crisis facing the old system.