我国引种油橄榄(Olea europaea)已有近30年的历史,对于油橄榄在我国引种的生态适应性问题,国内外许多学者曾作过十分有益的探讨。一般认为,油橄榄原产地和地中海盆地的生态条件,与我国引种地区的生态条件有着较大的差异,除了土壤因素对油橄榄产生重要的影响外(目前一些研究认为,这种影响很可能起到限制性的作用),气候问题是我国引种油橄榄最大的问题之一,并且将影响油橄榄生产的进一步发展。因而,气候已成为国内外学者研究中国的油橄榄引种,以及未来发展的极为关注的问题之一。我国的油橄榄引种范围大致在北纬24—34°之间,主要属于夏季炎热潮湿,冬季干旱寒冷的大陆性气候型(表1)。由于油橄榄在成花过程中不受光周期效应的控制和影响,其个体发育和生活周期与温度的变化相呼应,因 Olea europaea has been introduced for nearly 30 years in our country. Many scholars at home and abroad have made some useful discussions about the ecological adaptability of the introduction of olive in our country. It is generally believed that there are great differences between the ecological conditions of the origin of olives and the Mediterranean basin and the ecological conditions of the introduced areas in our country. In addition to the important influence of soil factors on olive (at present, some studies think that this kind of influence is likely to play a limiting role The role of sex), the climate issue is one of the largest problems in the introduction of olive, and will affect the further development of olive production. Therefore, the climate has become one of the most concerned issues for scholars both at home and abroad to study the introduction of Chinese olives in China and their future development. The introduction range of olive in our country is roughly between latitude 24 and 34 °, which mainly belongs to the continental climate type which is hot and humid in summer and cold and cold in winter (Table 1). Because olive is not controlled and influenced by the photoperiod effect in the flowering process, the development and life cycle of the olives respond to the change of the temperature because