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本文综合概述了国内外石油钻井牙轮钻头用钢的现状与特点,并在分析了不同轴承结构的牙轮钻头失效形式的基础上,明确地提出了钻头牙轮和牙掌用材的选择依据。对于轮,应保证它具有高的淬透性和足够的镍含量;对牙掌,则需满足它对化学成分的要求。严格控制冶金质量并降低非金属夹杂物的含量,对提高接触疲劳抗力和脆断抗力是十分重要的。文章最后提出:对钻头用钢的强韧化热处理及对热处理工艺参数的精确控制,是确保钻头质量稳定,提高其使用寿命的有效途径。
This paper summarizes the current status and characteristics of the steel used in the oil drilling roller cone at home and abroad. Based on the analysis of the failure modes of the roller cone drill bit with different bearing structures, the selection basis of the roller cone and the tooth palm material is put forward clearly. For the wheel, it should ensure that it has high hardenability and sufficient nickel content; on the palm of your hand, you have to meet its chemical composition requirements. Strict control of metallurgical quality and reduce the content of non-metallic inclusions, to improve the contact fatigue resistance and brittle fracture resistance is very important. Finally, the article puts forward: the toughening heat treatment of the drill steel and the precise control of the heat treatment process parameters are effective ways to ensure the stable quality of drill bit and improve its service life.