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高炉大型化是炼铁发展的趋势,随着高炉炉缸直径的不断变大,中心不活跃区域越来越大,如何引导煤气到达炉缸中心已成为炼铁工作者关注的焦点。为了解决上述难题,通过建立炉缸煤气流动三维模型,应用CFX数值模拟软件计算煤气流速,分别研究了炉缸直径、焦炭粒径、空隙度以及鼓风动能对炉缸煤气流分布的影响。结果表明:即使炉缸内焦炭粒径及空隙度分布均匀,边缘煤气流速依然大于中心煤气流速,并且炉缸直径越大,中心煤气流越弱。炉缸内焦炭粒径和空隙度分布影响煤气流分布,提高炉缸中心焦炭粒径和空隙度有利于引导煤气到达炉缸中心。同时,为了保障高炉稳定顺行,鼓风参数必须和炉缸透气性协调一致,不能过于依靠提高鼓风动能吹透中心。
Large-scale blast furnace is the trend of ironmaking development. As the diameter of the blast furnace hearth increases, the inactive area of the center becomes larger and larger. How to guide the gas to reach the center of the hearth has become the focus of ironmaking workers. In order to solve the above problems, the three-dimensional model of gas flow in a hearth and the gas flow rate were calculated by CFX numerical simulation software. The effects of hearth diameter, coke particle size, porosity and blast kinetic energy on gas flow distribution were studied. The results show that even if the distribution of coke particle size and porosity is uniform in the hearth, the flow rate of the edge gas is still larger than the center gas flow rate, and the larger the hearth diameter, the weaker the center gas flow. The distribution of coke particle size and voidage in the hearth affects the gas flow distribution and increases the size and porosity of the coke in the center of the hearth, which helps to guide the gas to the center of the hearth. At the same time, in order to ensure the smooth and smooth blast furnace, the blast parameters must be consistent with the gas permeability of the hearth, and can not be relied on to increase the blast kinetic energy to blow through the center.