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直肠癌的发病率在消化道肿瘤中列第二。由于术后局部复发率较高,手术对排尿和性功能有一定影响,直肠癌的治疗一直是困扰外科界的一大难题。关于肿瘤远端切除距离的研究一度曾是直肠癌手术的核心问题,其切除的推荐长度也经历了很大变化。近年,随着吻合器的发明、结肠肛管吻合术(CAA)的开展,许多学者对直肠解剖及直肠癌生物学行为进行了大量研究,直肠系膜内癌扩散及侧方癌转移成为新的研究重点。本文就其进展作一简要回顾。
The incidence of rectal cancer ranks second in gastrointestinal cancers. Due to the high local recurrence rate, the operation has some influence on urination and sexual function. The treatment of rectal cancer has always been a big problem for the surgical community. The study of distal tumor resection distance was once at the core of rectal cancer surgery and its recommended length of resection has undergone significant changes. In recent years, with the invention of anastomotic device and the development of colorectal anastomosis (CAA), many scholars have done a lot of researches on the anatomy of rectum and the biological behavior of rectal cancer. Focus. This article gives a brief review of its progress.