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一、跨国公司与世界经济的发展(一)发达国家跨国公司的发展跨国公司的雏形可以追溯到上个世纪中叶。如果把1865年德国拜尔化学公司在纽约开设的苯胺工厂视为世界第一家跨国公司,那么,跨国公司至今已有120多年的历史。本世纪后半期,跨国公司对外直接投资的迅速发展已成为全球最重要的经济现象之一。到1990年底,跨国公司母公司在全世界已有3.5万家,子公司超过20万家,跨国公司的投资总额已达到16000亿美元,约占当年全球对外直接投资总额(16842亿美元)的95%,同时,世界贸易
I. Development of Multinational Corporations and the World Economy (I) Development of Multinational Corporations in Developed Countries The prototype of transnational corporations can be traced back to the middle of the last century. If the aniline plant opened in New York by Beyer Chemical Company in 1865 is regarded as the world’s first multinational company, then multinational corporations have a history of more than 120 years. In the second half of this century, the rapid development of foreign direct investment by multinational corporations has become one of the most important economic phenomena in the world. By the end of 1990, there were 35,000 parent companies in multinational corporations and over 200,000 subsidiaries. The total investment of multinational corporations reached 1.6 trillion U.S. dollars, accounting for 95% of the total global direct investment in foreign investments (1.6842 trillion U.S. dollars) %, At the same time, world trade