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本文依据“职业性慢性三硝基甲苯中毒诊断标准及处理原则”,对兵器工业行业中1480名三硝基甲苯(TNT)作业工人进行了检查。车间空气中TNT浓度在1.0mg/m~3以下时,慢性TNT中毒患病率为32.10%,TNT白内障患病率为30.26%,肝脏损害6.21%,从业15年后有Ⅲ期TNT白内障和肝硬变等重度中毒病例出现。我国目前使用的车间空气中TNT最高容许浓度(MAC)1.0mg/m~3是不安全的。结合国家经济发展水平,建议我国车间空气中TNT浓度接触限值降为0.5mg/m~3为宜。
This article based on “diagnostic criteria for occupational chronic trinitrotoluene poisoning and handling principles”, the weapons industry in 1480 trinitrotoluene (TNT) workers were inspected. The TNT concentration in the workshop was less than 1.0mg / m 3, the prevalence of chronic TNT poisoning was 32.10%, the TNT cataract prevalence was 30.26% and the liver damage was 6.21%. After 15 years of operation, there were Ⅲ stage TNT cataract and liver Harmful cases of severe poisoning appear. China’s current workshop air TNT maximum allowable concentration (MAC) 1.0mg / m ~ 3 is not safe. Combined with the level of national economic development, it is recommended that the exposure limit of TNT in workshop air should be reduced to 0.5mg / m ~ 3.