为了研究分级加载和采动爆破扰动引起的声发射和微震活动的衰减规律,提出一种新的指数衰减(ED)模型.结果表明:分级加载和爆破扰动后的微破裂活动衰减规律符合ED模型.模型中A与n之和表示初始微破裂事件数,n表示背景地震级别.ED模型可以描述初始微破裂事件的数量,其偏差小于10％.在本研究考虑的三种工况下,ED模型描述微破裂事件衰减规律的能力优于传统的余震模型.该模型可为矿山爆破时间间隔的选择提供参考,对保持金属矿山围岩的稳定性、保证安全生产具有重要意义.“,”To investigate decay law of acoustic emission and microseismic activities caused by disturbances associated with multilevel loading and mining blast, a new exponential decay (ED) law was proposed. The results show that the micro-fracture activity decay law after multistage stress loading and blasting disturbance conforms to the ED model, in which the sum of A and n represents the number of initial micro-fracture events, and n represents the level of background micro-fracture events. The ED model can describe the number of initial micro-fracture events with a deviation less than 10％. The ED model outperforms the traditional aftershock models in describing the micro-fracture event decay law in the three cases considered. The ED model can provide a reference for selecting the blasting interval in mines, which is of great significance to maintain the stability of the surrounding rock and ensure safe production in metal mines.