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渗流电势现象是原油由油层向油井渗流过程中水动力场与岩石─流体界面双电层相互作用而产生的一种伴生界面现象。研究渗流电势现象有助于揭示低渗油层中流体渗流规律的本质和机理，对探索新的提高采收率的途径具有潜在意义。文中从理论上讨论渗流电势的产生及其对油层中原油渗流的影响，建立了考虑渗流电势影响时长裂缝生产井动态的简单数学模型；通过理论计算来分析渗流电势对原油渗流、对长裂缝生产井产量、采油指数、裂缝压力分布等的影响。结果表明：渗流电势对油流的阻滞逆流作用随渗透率的减小而增大；渗流电势作用下，长裂缝生产井产量、生产指数和裂缝压力分布呈下降趋势。在讨论分析的基础上，提出了通过减弱渗流电势的影响来探索增产和提高采收年新途径的思路。
The phenomenon of seepage potential is a kind of associated interface phenomenon caused by the interaction between the hydrodynamic field and the electric double layer of rock-fluid interface during the oil seepage from crude oil reservoir to oil well. Studying the phenomenon of seepage potential can help reveal the essence and mechanism of fluid seepage law in low permeability reservoirs and is of potential significance in exploring new ways to enhance oil recovery. In this paper, the generation of seepage potential and its influence on seepage of crude oil in oil layer are theoretically discussed. A simple mathematical model considering the influence of seepage potential on the production of well with long fracture is established. By theoretical calculation, the seepage potential is analyzed for seepage of crude oil, Well production, oil production index, fracture pressure distribution and so on. The results show that the countercurrent effect of seepage potential on oil flow increases with the decrease of permeability. Under the action of seepage potential, the production, production index and fracture pressure distribution of long fracture wells decrease. On the basis of discussion and analysis, the author puts forward the idea of exploring new ways to increase production and improve recovery by weakening the influence of seepage potential.