目的:对省级中医药科研机构的科研效率进行评价分析。方法:选取41所省级中医药科研机构的2013年数据,运用数据包络分析(DEA)的CCR和BCC模型进行分析。结果:41所省级中医药科研机构的整体科研效率处于偏低水平,且各机构间的效率差别较大。结论:应通过加大科技投入力度、引入基于科研效率的奖惩机制和建立绩效管理体系的措施来提高中医药科研机构的科技效率。 Objective: To evaluate the scientific research efficiency of provincial TCM research institutes. Methods: The data of 41 provincial-level TCM research institutions were selected and analyzed by CCA and BCC of data envelopment analysis (DEA). Results: The overall scientific research efficiency of 41 provincial-level TCM research institutes was at a low level, and the differences in efficiency among different agencies were large. Conclusion: The scientific and technological efficiency of TCM research institutes should be improved by increasing investment in science and technology, introducing rewards and punishments based on scientific research efficiency and establishing performance management system.