论文部分内容阅读
应用新近提出的ｐ~＋ｑ~＋ｐｑ交配设计的种子性状遗传表达鉴别方法，分析了籼型水稻３个不育系和 １０个恢复系配组的 ３０个杂种 Ｆ１植株上的 Ｆ２种子及其亲本的 ９个稻米品质性状。结果表明：（１）粒长、粒宽、粒重、糙米率和完整精米率５个性状在Ｆ２米粒间没有发生遗传分离，它们的遗传受二倍体的母体基因型（Ｆ１植株）控制。（２）垩白率、直链淀粉含量、糊化温度和胶稠度 ４个性状则在 Ｆ２米粒间有极显著的遗传分离，故主要受三倍体的胚乳基因型（Ｆ２种子）控制。（３）除糙米率和垩白率遗传力较低，受环境影响大，其余７个性状均具有较高的遗传力。除粒重外，其余８个性状的遗传变异均以加性为主，显性为次。
Based on the newly proposed genetic identification of seed traits in p ~ + q ~ + pq mating design, F2 seeds and their parents of 30 hybrid F1 plants from indica rice and 10 restorer lines were analyzed Nine rice quality traits. The results showed that: (1) There were no genetic segregation between F2 kernels in grain length, grain width, grain weight, brown rice rate and complete milled rice rate. Their inheritance was controlled by the diploid maternal genotype (F1 plant). (2) Four traits, chalkiness, amylose content, gelatinization temperature and gel consistency, had extremely significant genetic segregation between F2 kernels and were mainly controlled by triploid endosperm genotypes (F2 seeds). (3) The heritability of brown rice rate and chalky rate was low and affected by the environment, the other seven traits all had high heritability. In addition to the grain weight, the genetic variation of the remaining eight traits were additive, dominant.