市场经济的前提之一是确立个人作为社会经济主体的地位。个人的经济主体地位及其自主性最终是通过其扮演的社会角色而体现的。在从计划体制向市场经济的过渡中，个人角色的特点发生了重大变化。第一，社会角色的样式由单调变为多样化；第二，角色的流动性增加，社会角色具有多变性；第三，一般个人的内涵由单纯走向丰富化，个人一身兼有多重社会角色。这种变化是历史的必然，但同时也带来一些问题。第一，社会角色结构不均衡，某些为市场经济急需的社会角色缺失；第二，个人流动与角色流动的相对不足；第三，个人扮演的多重角色与其对应权责利的严重错位。建立合理有效的社会约束机制，是解决当前存在的角色缺失、角色流动不足、角色错位等严重社会问题的根本手段，是市场经济的必要条件。 One of the prerequisites of a market economy is to establish the status of an individual as a social economic subject. Ultimately, the economic status of an individual and its autonomy are manifested through its social role. In the transition from a planned system to a market economy, the characteristics of individual roles have undergone major changes. First, the style of social roles has changed from monotonous to diversified. Secondly, the mobility of characters has increased and the social roles have become more volatile. Thirdly, the connotation of the average individual has been enriched by mere enrichment, and both individuals have multiple social roles. This change is a historical necessity, but it also brings some problems. First, the social structure is not balanced, some are short of the social role urgently needed by the market economy, second, the relative lack of personal mobility and role mobility, and third, the multiple roles played by individuals and their corresponding rights and responsibilities are seriously dislocated. Establishing a reasonable and effective social restraint mechanism is a fundamental means to solve the serious social problems such as the lack of roles, the lack of circulation of roles and the dislocation of roles, and is a necessary condition for a market economy.