在文化旅游产业作为国家支柱性产业发展的时代背景下,文化遗产的旅游利用与传承发展似乎表现出越来越强的旅游符号化特点。笔者以著名文化旅游地云南丽江为例,运用民族学方法,通过对旅游利用中文化遗产符号化生产的类型与表现、生产性质与成因,及符号化生产效应进行研究分析,认为文化遗产的符号化生产及与之相关联的旅游化保护,是文化旅游产业融合背景下文化遗产旅游利用与传承发展的突出表现;这是由文化遗产本身的资本属性及文化旅游产业经济特点所决定的;文化遗产的符号化生产在一定程度上是文化遗产旅游化保护的有益探索,但面临文化遗产模式化、碎片化、空壳化、庸俗化及脆弱性之危机。如果用于文化遗产保护的资金来源过于依赖产业经济和商业营利,那么可能会使文化遗产本身的内容与地方性特质被过度商业化,也易造成遗产地传统生活方式被外来消费文化所取代。景观符号及符号空间的生产,仅能满足短暂停留的文化观光客对民族文化遗产的部分认知。从民族文化遗产旅游利用与保护的可持续性角度看,对民族文化遗产所赖以生长的生活空间的培植、保护,应得到遗产旅游开发管理者和遗产保护主体足够的重视。 Under the backdrop of the development of cultural tourism industry as the pillar industry of the country, the tourism utilization and inheritance and development of cultural heritage seem to show more and more characteristics of tourism symbolization. Taking the famous cultural tourism destination Lijiang in Yunnan Province as an example, this paper uses the method of ethnology to study and analyze the types and manifestations of the symbolic production of cultural heritage in tourism utilization, the nature and origin of production, and the symbolic production effect. The author believes that the symbol of cultural heritage The production of tourism and its associated tourism protection are the prominent manifestation of tourism utilization and inheritance and development of cultural heritage under the background of cultural tourism industry integration. This is determined by the capital property of cultural heritage itself and the economic characteristics of cultural tourism industry. Culture To a certain extent, the symbolic production of heritage is a useful exploration of the tourism protection of cultural heritages, but it is facing the crisis of patternization, fragmentation, empty shell, vulgarization and vulnerability of cultural heritage. If the sources of funding for the protection of cultural heritage are too dependent on the industrial economy and commercial profitability, the content and local characteristics of the cultural heritage may be overly commercialized and the traditional lifestyles of the heritage may easily be replaced by the external consumption culture. The production of landscape symbols and symbolic space can only satisfy the partial cognition of cultural heritage of cultural tourists who stay for a short time. From the perspective of the sustainability of tourism utilization and protection of national cultural heritage, the cultivation and protection of the living space for the growth of national cultural heritage should be given enough attention by the managers of heritage tourism development and the heritage protection.