目的对蝶窦进行冠状位薄层断层解剖学研究。方法通过冰冻铣切技术获得层厚为0.1mm的连续冠状位断层解剖图像观察蝶窦及其重要毗邻结构。结果75%的蝶窦为鞍型,蝶窦中隔居中者为15%,60%视神经管以及75%颈内动脉在蝶窦外侧壁处形成突起。结论通过对蝶窦连续冠状位薄层断层解剖图像的追踪观察可以为安全行蝶窦开放术提供蝶窦及其重要毗邻结构的相关资料。 Objective To study the thin section anatomy of the sphenoid sinus. Methods The coronal sinus slice and its important adjacent structures were observed by the frozen coronal technique. Results 75% of the sphenoid sinus were saddle type, 15% of the sphenoid sinus septum, 60% optic canal and 75% of the internal carotid artery formed a protrusion at the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus. CONCLUSIONS: The follow-up observation of thin-section anatomical images of the sphenoid sinus continuous coronal plane can provide information about the sphenoid sinus and its important adjacent structures for safe sphenoid sinus surgery.