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目的了解流动人口艾滋病防治知识水平、行为特征和感染情况,为建立流动人口艾滋病干预模式和实施干预计划提供科学依据。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法抽取渝中区和九龙坡区2个街道,对街道内居住的流动人口进行面对面的问卷调查及梅毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)检测。采用SPSS 12.0软件进行统计分析。结果共调查流动人口2 047人,其中男性1 327人,女性720人,平均年龄(35.4±10.3)岁,其对艾滋病的3种传播途径认知水平较高,知晓率在70%左右,但对艾滋病的非传播途径和预防知识的知晓率低,分别在50%和40%左右。非婚性行为、吸毒和同性性行为的发生率较低,但发生性行为时安全套使用率低。其中梅毒感染率为0.6%,人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染率为0.15%。结论流动人口文化程度低,艾滋病防治知识缺乏,缺乏正确的就医和咨询意识,高危行为的存在和低安全套使用率,是造成艾滋病在该人群中的流行的原因之一。
Objective To understand the knowledge, behavior characteristics and infection status of AIDS prevention and control among floating population and provide a scientific basis for establishing AIDS intervention mode and implementing intervention plan for floating population. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to select two streets in Yuzhong District and Jiulongpo District to conduct face-to-face questionnaires and syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests on floating population living in the streets. Using SPSS 12.0 software for statistical analysis. Results A total of 2 047 floating population were surveyed. Among them, 1 327 were males and 720 were females, with an average age of (35.4 ± 10.3) years old. Their awareness of the three modes of transmission of AIDS was high with a prevalence of about 70% The awareness rate of non-transmission of AIDS and prevention knowledge is low at around 50% and 40% respectively. The incidence of non-marital sex, drug abuse and same-sex sexual activity is low, but the rate of condom use is low during sexual activity. The syphilis infection rate was 0.6%, and the rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was 0.15%. Conclusion The low educational level of migrants, the lack of AIDS prevention knowledge, the lack of proper medical treatment and counseling, the existence of high-risk behaviors and the low condom use rate are one of the causes of the AIDS epidemic in this population.