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目的分析10年来孝昌县肺结核病流行特征,为完善结核病防治对策和更好地开展防治工作提供科学依据。方法由国家《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》获取肺结核报告疫情数据,对报告资料进描述性流行病学分析。结果 2005—2014年共报告结核病例4 641例,年平均报告发病率为70.68/10万,男性年平均报告发病率是女性的2.79倍。0~14岁组肺结核发病率最低,65岁以上组最高,25岁之后,肺结核报告发病率随着年龄增长呈上升趋势。职业分布以农民为主,发病数占全部病例的67.26%。12个乡镇均有发病,乡镇报告发病数及发病率存在差异,每月均有发病,有弱季节性。结论 2005—2009年疫情呈上升趋势,2007年肺结核发病率达到最高峰,2010—2014年呈缓慢下降趋势。说明孝昌县结核病防治工作取得了很好的成效,今后结核病防治工作需要突出重点,完善防治策略,更好地控制疫情。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Xiaochang County in the past 10 years and provide a scientific basis for improving TB control strategies and preventing and controlling tuberculosis. Methods The national “Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System” was used to obtain the data of tuberculosis epidemic and the descriptive epidemiological analysis of the reported data. Results A total of 4 641 cases of tuberculosis were reported from 2005 to 2014, with an annual average incidence of 70.68 / 100 000. The annual average incidence of men was 2.79 times that of women. The incidence of tuberculosis was the lowest in 0-14 years old group, the highest in 65 years old group, and the incidence of tuberculosis after 25 years old was rising with age. Occupation distribution is dominated by peasants, accounting for 67.26% of all cases. 12 villages and towns have incidence, township reported the incidence and incidence of differences, monthly onset, a weak seasonal. Conclusions The epidemic situation of 2005-2009 is on the rise. The incidence of tuberculosis reached its peak in 2007 and showed a slow decline in 2010-2014. This shows that Xiaochang TB control work has achieved good results. In the future, TB control needs to lay stress on the key points, improve prevention and control strategies and better control the epidemic.