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20年前,《联合国海洋法公约》(以下简称《公约》)在联合国第三次海洋法会议的闭幕式上举行签字,当天签字的有117个国家和两个实体(库克群岛和联合国纳米比亚委员会)。依据《公约》第308条的规定,《公约》已于1994年11月16日开始生效。我国人民代表大会常务委员会于1996年5月15日批准了该《公约》。《公约》是至今为止最为全面、系统、完整的国际海洋法大典;是国家间为争取和维护本国海洋权益而进行斗争与妥协的结果;是海洋权益的一次再分配。《公约》的生效标志着新的海洋法律秩序的确立,为人类和平解决海洋争端与全面管理海洋提供了法律依据。
Twenty years ago, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (hereinafter referred to as “the Convention”) was signed at the closing ceremony of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, and on that day there were 117 countries and two entities (Cook Islands and United Nations, Namibia Committee). In accordance with article 308 of the Convention, the Convention entered into force on 16 November 1994. The Standing Committee of our National People’s Congress approved the Convention on May 15, 1996. The Convention is by far the most comprehensive, systematic and complete international law of the sea; it is the result of struggles and compromises among nations in the struggle for and safeguarding their maritime rights and interests. It is also a redistribution of maritime rights and interests. The entry into force of the Convention marked the establishment of a new maritime legal order that provided the legal basis for the peaceful settlement of marine disputes and the comprehensive management of the oceans by mankind.