本文报道中国产14种豆蔻属Amomum植物种子的精油化学成分并探讨其主要成分与果实外部形态之相关性。按其精油所含的主要化学成分及其含量,初步可划分为三个类型:一类以阳春砂仁为代表,主含乙酸龙脑酯和樟脑;一类以草果,白豆蔻为代表,主含1,8-桉叶油素,除药用外亦可作调料;第三类如九翅砂仁,长果砂仁等主含其它成分,均未正式入药。本文可供寻找新的砂仁药源作参考。 This paper reports on the essential oil chemical composition of 14 species of Amomum spp. from China and discusses the correlation between the main components and the external shape of the fruit. According to the main chemical constituents and their contents of essential oils, they can be initially divided into three types: one is represented by Amomum villosum, and the main contains Bornyl Acetate and Camphor. The first is represented by Caoguo and Baidoutang. Mainly contain 1,8-eucalyptus oil, in addition to medicinal purposes can also be used for spices; the third category, such as Nine wing Amomum villosum, long fruit Amomum contains other main ingredients, are not formally used as medicine. This article can be used as a reference for finding new sources of Amomum.