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星载激光测高仪发射的1064nm波长激光被波动海面反射,系统接收的时间波形与瞬时海面波浪分布相关。而海面波浪又直接受海面风速影响,因此激光测高仪回波变化可以反映不同风速下海态变化。本文依据海面镜面反射特性,考虑云层气溶胶粒子米散射的影响,利用蒙特卡洛法模拟不同风速下的海面状态,通过光线追迹建立海面回波波形仿真器;使用地球科学激光测高系统(GLAS)的系统参数,仿真得到不同风速下的海面回波波形。结果表明回波波形呈近单高斯形状,与GLAS实测波形有较好的一致性,且回波脉宽随风速增加而增大。当海面风速在2m/s~13m/s时,仿真回波脉宽与实测脉宽均值的偏差不超过7%,对建立风-浪-激光回波之间的模型有重要意义。
The 1064nm wavelength laser emitted by the satellite laser altimetry is reflected by the fluctuating sea surface, and the time waveform received by the system is related to the instantaneous sea surface wave distribution. The sea surface wave is directly affected by the sea surface wind speed. Therefore, the change of the laser altimeter echo can reflect the sea state change under different wind speeds. In this paper, based on the mirror reflection characteristics of sea surface, considering the influence of aerosol particle scattering in clouds, Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the sea surface state under different wind speeds and the sea echo waveform simulator is established by ray tracing. Using the earth science laser altimetry system GLAS) system parameters, the simulation of the sea surface echo waveforms at different wind speeds. The results show that the echo waveform is nearly single Gaussian shape, which is in good agreement with the GLAS measured waveform, and the echo pulse width increases with the increase of wind speed. When the wind speed of sea surface is between 2 m / s and 13 m / s, the deviation between the simulated echo pulse width and the mean value of the measured pulse width does not exceed 7%, which is of great significance to the model of wind-wave-laser echo.