Objective:To evaluate the kidney protective effect of ethanolic root extract of Croton zambesicus (C.zambesicus) against gentimicin-induced kidney injury in rats.Methods:The root extract(27 -81 mg/kg) was administered to rats for eight days with concurrent administration of gentimicin (100 mg/kg) daily for the same period of time.Protective effect of the extract was evaluated in serum levels of creatinine,urea,and uric acid as well as some ions like sodium,potassium and chloride.Histological examination of the kidneys from different treatment groups were also carried out.Results:Administration of the root extract significantly reduced histopathological changes in the kidneys of the extract-treated rats especially in the rats treated with lower doses of the extract(27 and 54 mg/kg).The levels of serum urea and creatinine were also reduced significantly(P<0.01) at these doses with no observable effect on the levels of uric acid and ions. Conclusions:The kidney - protective activity of this extract could be due to its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. Objective: To evaluate the kidney protective effect of ethanolic root extract of Croton zambesicus (C.zambesicus) against gentimicin-induced kidney injury in rats. Methods: The root extract (27 -81 mg / kg) was administered to rats for eight days with concurrent administration of gentimicin (100 mg / kg) daily for the same period of time. Protective effect of the extract was evaluated as serum levels of creatinine, urea, and uric acid as well as some ions like sodium, potassium and chloride. Histological examination of the kidneys from different treatment groups were also carried out. Results: Administration of the root extract significantly reduced histopathological changes in the kidneys of the extract-treated rats especially in the rats treated with lower doses of the extract (27 and 54 mg / kg The levels of serum urea and creatinine were also significantly reduced (P <0.01) at these doses with no observable effect on the levels of uric acid and ions. Conclusions: The kidney - protective activity of th is extract could be due to its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.