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在甘薯长期定位试验区,研究了重茬种植对甘薯根际土壤微生物的影响及甘薯重茬障碍防治措施。结果表明甘薯重茬种植后土壤微生物总数减少,细菌和放线菌的数量降低,而真菌数量增加,土壤由高肥的“细菌型”向低肥的“真菌型”转化;重茬种植加重甘薯病虫害的发生,造成甘薯减产。施用抗重茬剂木美土里后甘薯重茬地土壤根际细菌数量增加,真菌数量下降,但是与轮作正茬相比总体土壤微生物区系差异仍然较大,抗重茬剂可以增加甘薯的总体产量,但不能有效抑制病虫害的发生,因此不能显著增加甘薯的有效产量。研究结果表明,解决甘薯重茬地减产最经济有效的措施是进行合理的轮作倒茬,若是不能进行轮作倒茬,可以施用抗重茬剂后再配施药剂防控病虫害的发生。
In the sweet potato long-term experimental plot, the effect of cropping on rhizosphere soil microbes in sweet potato and the prevention and control of sweet potato stubble disturbance were studied. The results showed that the total number of soil microbes decreased, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes decreased, the number of fungi increased, and the soil was transformed from high-fat “bacteria” to “low-fat” fungi. Increasing the occurrence of sweet potato pests and diseases, resulting in sweet potato production. The number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil of sweet potato continuous cropping after applying anti-stubble agent Mimousuli decreased, but the difference of total soil microbial flora was still larger than that of rotation cropping. Anti-stubble agent could increase the total yield of sweet potato, but could not Effectively inhibit the occurrence of pests and diseases, it can not significantly increase the effective yield of sweet potato. The results show that the most economical and effective measure to solve the problem of continuous cropping of sweet potato is to carry out reasonable rotation cropping. If it can not be rotated in rotation, it can be applied to prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests.