Objective:To probe into the therapeutic efect of perfume stimulating olfaction with volatile oil of Acorus Gramineus on the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat. Methods: Totally 50 adult SD rats, male,weighing 300±10 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups, normal group (group A), olfactory nerve severing model group (group B), AD model group (group C), AD model plus perfume stimulation group (group D), AD model olfactory nerve severing plus perfume stimulation group (group E), 10 rats in each group. After perfume stimulation, Morris maze test was conducted for valuating the learning and memory ability; Malondaldehyde (MDA) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the brain, and the brain weight were detected. Results: Compared with the AD model group,the average escape latency and swimming distance in 6 days were significantly shorter than those in the group A, B, D (P<0.01), with no significant differences between the group C and the group E (P>0.05); Compared with the group A, B and D, MDA content in the group C significantly increased (P<0.01), and SOD and GSH-Px activities significantly decreased (P<0.01), and brain weight/body weight decreased significantly in the group C (P<0.01), with no significant differences between the group C and the group E (P>0.05). Conclusion: Perfume stimultating olfaction with volatile oil of Acorus Gramineus can significantly increase the learning-memory ability, decrease MDA content and increase SOD and GSH-Px activities and weight of brain in AD rats. Objective: To probe into the therapeutic efect of perfume stimulating olfaction with volatile oil of Acorus Gramineus on the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat. Methods: Totally 50 adult SD rats, male, weighing 300 ± 10 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups, normal group A, olfactory nerve severing model group B group, AD model group (group C), AD model plus perfume stimulation group (group D), AD model olfactory nerve severing plus perfume stimulation group (group E), After perfume stimulation, Morris maze test was conducted for valuating the learning and memory ability; Malondaldehyde (MDA) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the brain, and the Results: Compared with the AD model group, the average escape latency and swimming distance in 6 days were significantly shorter than those in the group A, B, D (P <0.01), with no significant differences between the group C and the group P <0.05); Compared with the group A, B and D, MDA content in the group C significantly increased (P <0.01), and SOD and GSH-Px activities significantly decreased Body weight decreased significantly in the group C (P <0.01), with no significant differences between the group C and the group E (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Perfume stimultating olfaction with volatile oil of Acorus Gramineus can significantly increase the learning-memory ability, decrease MDA content and increase SOD and GSH-Px activities and weight of brain in AD rats.