为探讨不同基因型的玉米单倍体雄穗自然加倍的情况,利用由7个优良自交系组配的FAPW/BN490A、BN490A/BN486A、PHZ51/H33和MT-1/H32等4个单倍体群体研究玉米单倍体的花药外露与花粉育性。结果表明:FAPW/BN490A群体位于雄穗分枝的花药外露概率高于位于雄穗主轴的花药外露概率;在所研究的4个单倍体群体中,FAPW/BN490A群体的花药外露率和可育花粉率均为最高,平均值分别为35.7%和72.2%;其次为BN490A/BN486A群体(13.0%,53.8%)与PHZ51/H33群体(13.0%,48.7%),MT-1/H32群体的最低,分别为12.0%和47.4%;通过多重比较发现FAPW/BN490A群体的花药外露率和花粉可育率与其余3个群体均显著差异,但其余3个群体间无差异,表明玉米单倍体的雄穗育性只在特定基因型间存在差异;在4个单倍体群体花药不外露株的植株中,均存在一定比例可育的花药,花粉可育率为0~95.0%,且每个群体可育花粉率在>0~25.0%和>25.0%~50.0%的植株较多,而>50.0%~75.0%和>75.0%的植株较少,即不同基因型的玉米单倍体群体中,花药不外露株的雄穗育性有较低程度恢复,且可育花粉率越高的植株数越少。 In order to explore the natural doubling of maize haploid genotypes, four haplogroups, FAPW / BN490A, BN490A / BN486A, PHZ51 / H33 and MT-1 / H32 Population studies on pollen fertility and pollen sterility of maize haploid. The results showed that the anther exposures of FAPW / BN490A populations in the branches of tassels were higher than those of anthers exposed in the tassels. In the four haploid populations studied, the anther exsertion rate and fertility of FAPW / BN490A populations The highest pollen percentage was 35.7% and 72.2% respectively, followed by the BN490A / BN486A population (13.0%, 53.8%) and the PHZ51 / H33 population (13.0%, 48.7% , 12.0% and 47.4% respectively. The results of multiple comparisons showed that the anther exposure rate and pollen fertility rate of FAPW / BN490A population were significantly different from the other three groups, but there was no difference among the other three populations, indicating that the haploid There were differences in male fertility only among specific genotypes. There were some fertile anthers in the plants of four haploid populations which were not exposed, the pollen fertility rate was 0-95.0%, and each There were more plants with> 0-25.0% and> 25.0% ~ 50.0% fertile pollen population, and fewer plants> 50.0% -75.0% and> 75.0% in the maize haploid population with different genotypes , Anther not exposed male tassel fertility restored to a lesser extent, and the higher the number of fertile pollen plants less.