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株高是典型的数量性状,易受遗传背景和环境等因素的影响。单片段代换系和双片段聚合系减少了个体间遗传背景的干扰,是鉴定QTL和研究QTL上位性的新型遗传材料。本研究采用随机区组试验设计方法以初级单片段代换系间杂交衍生的16个次级单片段代换系和15个双片段聚合系分析了株高及其构成因素QTL的加性效应及加性×加性上位性效应。共鉴定出11个QTL,其中3个株高QTL,1个倒1节间长QTL,2个倒2节间长QTL,2个倒3节间长QTL和3个倒4节间长QTL,分布于第4、6和10染色体上。鉴定出23对双基因互作,其中7对为没有显著效应的座位间互作,16对为有显著效应的QTL与没有显著效应的座位间互作。结果表明,QTL加性效应和QTL间的上位性效应都是株高及构成因素的重要遗传组成。通过单片段代换系杂交衍生的次级单片段代换系和双片段聚合系可提高QTL鉴定和上位性分析的灵敏度。
Plant height is a typical quantitative trait, susceptible to genetic background and environmental factors. Single segmented substitution lines and double-segmented polymerization lines reduce the interference of genetic background among individuals and are new genetic materials for identifying QTLs and studying epistasis of QTLs. In this study, the randomized block design method was used to analyze the additive effects of QTLs on plant height and its components and 16 secondary single-segment substitution lines and 15 double-segment polymerization lines derived from primary single-segment substitutional line crosses. Additive × additive epistatic effects. A total of 11 QTLs were identified, including 3 QTLs for plant height, 1 QTL for internode length, 2 QTLs for 2 internodes, 2 QTLs for 3 internodes and 3 QTLs in 4 internodes, Distributed on chromosomes 4, 6 and 10. Twenty-three pairs of bi-gene interactions were identified, of which seven had no significant effect on inter-locus interaction, 16 had significant effect on QTL interaction with no significant effect on locus. The results showed that the additive effects of QTLs and the epistatic effects between QTLs were all important genetic components of plant height and its components. The sensitivity of QTL identification and epistasis analysis can be enhanced by the secondary single-segment substitution lines and the double-fragment polymerization lines derived from the single-segment substitutional line hybridization.