近读王学泰所著《游民文化与中国社会》一书,得以知道中国自古以来尚有另一个被史家所忽略的由游民群体组成的游民社会及其类同“三国气”“水浒气”的意识形态。据王学泰所论,游民主要是指那些脱离当时社会秩序的人们,居所不定亦无固定谋生手段,多在城乡间游动。其中大多数人有过冒险生活或艰辛经历。游民多数以出卖劳力为主,也有不农不工不商不佣四业不居,而以不正当手段牟取财物者。游民中包含少数流氓地痞等腐败分子;一些知识分子突破宗法网络,流浪 A closer look at Wang Xuetai’s book, “Tourist Culture and Chinese Society,” tells us that since ancient times China still had another sense of being ignorant of the nomadic society consisting of groups of tourists and its similarities with the “Three Kingdoms” and “Outlaws of the Marsh.” form. According to Wang Xuetai, mainly tourists refer to those who escaped from the social order at that time. They were unsure and did not have a means to make a living. They mostly walked between urban and rural areas. Most of them have adventures or hardships. The majority of tourists are mainly betrayal of labor, and there are also those who do not engage in non-farming or non-employment without relying on unscrupulous employers and those who seek property by improper means. Tourists include a small number of rogue bullies and other corrupt elements; some intellectuals break the patriarchal network, wandering