为获得均匀光照,提高视觉测量系统图像的品质,对前置对称安装的矩形发光二极管(LED)光源布置问题进行了研究。考虑到解析法要求光轴与辐照面法线平行,提出采用优化的方法布置光源。根据光源的结构特征,以方差作为主要指标,建立优化目标函数。考虑到目标函数的非凸性,采用模拟退火算法(SA)对问题进行求解。搭建实验平台对照度分布进行了测量,考察均匀度在95%以上的区域,优化方法的结果与实验结果基本一致,误差在4%以内。结果表明,确定的优化目标合理,提出的光源优化布置方法有效。 In order to obtain uniform illumination and improve the quality of the vision measurement system image, the arrangement problem of rectangular light-emitting diode (LED) light source with symmetrical installation was researched. Considering that the analytical method requires that the optical axis is parallel to the normal to the irradiation surface, an optimized method of arranging the light sources is proposed. According to the structure of the light source, taking the variance as the main index, the optimization objective function is established. Taking into account the non-convexity of the objective function, a simulated annealing algorithm (SA) is used to solve the problem. The experimental platform was set up to measure the distribution of illuminance and the uniformity was above 95%. The result of the optimization method was basically consistent with the experimental results, with the error within 4%. The results show that the optimized optimization objectives are reasonable and the proposed light source optimization arrangement method is effective.