采种是林业生产中重要的一环。国外十分重视林木良种生产,也很重视采种技术及设备的改进和发展。国外林木采种大至可以分为地面采集、攀登采集和空中采集三种。一、地面采集地面采集方式多种多样,可以分为种子或果实脱落前采集和脱落后采集、砍倒树采集数种。 1.脱落前采集。种子或果实脱落前从地面采集主要使用常规采种设备,如用大枝剪和大剪刀从树冠低处剪下果实或整个结有果实的枝条。装有大剪刀、锯子或钩的杆子,用来从树冠更高处采下果实或结着果实的枝条。有一种带有钼伸长柄的杆具,高度可达6—8米。带秤砣的绳子可以抛到12米高的枝上,然后采下枝条。柔锯可以和抛绳一起使用,可以锯下12厘米的枝条。Boland等人1980年试用带有瞄准镜的大口径步枪,从很高的树冠上打下结有种子或 Seeding is an important part of forestry production. Foreign countries attach great importance to forest seed production, but also attach great importance to the improvement and development of seed collection techniques and equipment. Foreign trees can be divided into ground collection, climbing collection and aerial collection of three. First, the ground collection A wide range of ground collection methods, can be divided into seeds or fruit before the collection and fall off before the collection, cut down trees collected several species. 1. Before shedding. Seeds collected from the ground prior to shedding of the seeds or fruits are mainly from the ground using conventional seed-collecting equipment such as scissors and scissors to cut the fruit from the lower part of the canopy or the entire fruit-bearing branches. A pole with a large pair of scissors, saws, or hooks to take the fruit or the branches of the tree from the crown. There is a pole with molybdenum elongation handle, up to 6-8 meters in height. The rope with scale 可 can be thrown to the 12-meter-high branches, and then take the branches. The jigsaw can be used with throwing ropes to cut 12 cm of branches. Boland et al. Tried a large-caliber rifle with a sight in 1980,