论文部分内容阅读
细粒浮选一直是许多矿物加工厂面临的主要问题之一.由于细颗粒的气泡粒子碰撞概率很低,因此降低了浮选效率.细粒的存在通常不利于浮选过程,影响了浮选精矿的选择性和质量,而且增加了试剂的消耗量.因此,在大多数加工厂中,会将部分颗粒输送到尾矿池中,以减少这些问题的影响,并提高浮选过程的选择性.由于d80小于30μm的颗粒的存在,使伊朗的Esfordi磷酸盐厂损失了至少30％的处理能力.将这些P2O5含量为15.9％的细颗粒转移到尾矿坝,从经济和环境两方面来看,细颗粒的加工对磷酸盐工业具有重要意义.本文探讨了通过浮选工艺处理磷酸矿选矿厂的细尾矿的问题,尽管传统观点认为超细颗粒不可浮选.根据冶金工艺性能结果,比较了有无纳米气泡(NBs)时,浮选机和浮选柱两种处理工艺下磷酸盐矿物的浮选行为.由于NBs(由水动力空化作用产生)具有有趣的和独特的性能,如高稳定性、耐久性和高比表面积,提高了其在采矿、冶金和环境领域的应用.本研究结果表明,在没有NBs的情况下,使用浮选机工艺获得了P2O5含量为26.9％、回收率为29.13％的精矿,而使用浮选柱工艺,得到的P2O5含量为31.6％,回收率为32.74％的精矿.在NBs存在的情况下,通过浮选机和浮选柱获得精矿的回收率分别为40.49％和41.26％,P2O5含量分别为28.47％和30.43％.对比研究表明,在NBs存在的情况下,与浮选机相比,浮选柱工艺对磷矿的处理效率更高,泡沫层更厚.“,”Fine particle flotation has been one of the main problems in many mineral processing plants. The bubble-particle collision rate is very low for fine particles, which reduces flotation efficiency. Also, the existence of slimes is, generally, detrimental to the flotation process, affecting the selectivity and the quality of the concentrates. Besides, it causes an increase in reagents consumption. Hence, in most of processing plants, some of these particles are transmitted to the tailing ponds to reduce the effects of these problems and increase the selectivity of the process. Esfordi phosphate plant in Iran loses more than 30％of its capacity as particles with d80 finer than 30μm. These fine particles with 15.9％P2O5 content are transferred to tailing dam. Processing of fine particles is very important for phosphate industry from economic and environmental aspects. This study addressed the processing of fine tailings (slimes) from a phosphate ore concentrator via flotation, despite the traditional view that ultrafine particles do not float. Phosphate flotation performances in the presence and absence of nanobubbles (NBs) in both mechanical and column cells were compared according to the metallurgical results of the process. NBs (generated by hydrodynamic cavitation) have interesting and exclusive properties such as high stability, durability and high surface area per volume, leading to increase of their utilization in mining-metallurgy and environmental areas. The results of this study revealed that, in the absence of NBs, a concentrate containing 26.9％ P2O5 with a recovery of 29.13％ was obtained using mechanical cells in comparison to 31.6％ P2O5 with a recovery of 32.74％ obtained using column flotation. In the presence of NBs, the recoveries of the concentrate of the mechanical and column flotation increased to 40.49％ and 41.26％ with 28.47％ and 30.43％ P2O5 contents, respectively. Comparative study showed that the column flotation was almost more efficient for processing the phosphate ore in the presence of the NBs, and had thicker froth layer compared to the mechanical flotation.