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在新疆灌耕灰漠土上,采取膜下滴灌方式种植加工番茄,以常规习惯施肥为对照,研究了膜下滴灌氯化钾的施用量和施用方式对新疆地区加工番茄产量和品质的影响。结果表明:增施钾肥均能提高加工番茄的单株结果数、单果重和产量;单果数的增加是产量增产的主要因素;施钾量为150kg/hm2(50%基施,50%开花期施,分3次滴入)的处理产量最高,达15t/hm2,比对照(不施钾)增产14.4%;施钾量为75kg/hm2(50%基施,50%开花期施,分3次滴入)处理的钾肥产投比较高,但钾肥的产投比易受钾肥价格的影响而改变;钾肥对加工番茄的可溶性固形物含量、色差、粘度和总酸含量影响显著;就综合性价比而言,在新疆膜下滴灌条件下,适宜推荐加工番茄氯化钾的施用量范围在75~150kg/hm2,施用方法分基施和追施。
In potted gray desert soil in Xinjiang, tomato was planted under drip irrigation under mulch and conventional fertilization was used as control to study the effects of drip irrigation with potassium chloride under different drip irrigation rates on the yield and quality of processed tomato in Xinjiang. The results showed that increasing potassium fertilizer could increase the number of fruit per plant, the weight of single fruit and the yield of processed tomato. The increase of single fruit number was the main factor of yield increase. The potassium application rate was 150 kg / hm2 (50% basal application and 50% The results showed that the highest yield was 15t / hm2, which was 14.4% higher than that of the control (no potassium applied) and 75kg / hm2 (50% basal application, 50% The results showed that potash fertilizer had a higher investment ratio than that of potash fertilizer. Potassium fertilizer had a significant effect on the soluble solids content, color difference, viscosity and total acid content of processed tomato. On the other hand, In terms of drip irrigation under the condition of Xinjiang, it is appropriate to recommend processing potassium chloride range of application in the range of 75 ~ 150kg / hm2, the application method sub-base and topdressing.