薏米为禾本科一年生草本植物;莖高4—5尺,叶互生,長披针形先端尖,有叶鞘。夏日开花,穗狀花序,項生成腋生;花单性,雄花生于雌花上方。花后結成圓形果实。將果皮硬壳除去,再將种皮去掉,即成为药用的米仁。为滋养强壯剂,富有丰富的营养,最适用于病后襄弱;並有利尿健胃脾的功效,又可治肺結核、癌肿、月經困难等。其根可治黄疽,叶有暖胃益气血之用。栽培方法: (一)整地:(1)气候以温暖稍冷凉为最适宜,各地均可栽种。(2)选地宜沙土、黄土及半沙质肥沃土地。适宜当阳而陰山及当风地不宜种植,並怕旱。(3)整地时每宙下大粪三担,冲水三担,及施草木灰肥、猪欄肥等作基肥┓屎笤侔乙淮巫龀尚?行距3—4尺;挖穴后即可播种。(4)播种日期以4月下旬、5月初(即立夏前谷雨后几天)为宜,不宜过迟,否則影响薏米生長,出穗短产量少。(二)种子处理及播种法:(1)因米仁皮壳比其他植物厚硬,播种前应作处理。先用鹽水和火煤灰拌在一起,然后將薏米种子用开水泡一分鐘,倒在鹽水灭煤灰里,拌好播种。(2)温水浸种点播法。浸种时間4—5个鐘头就可。这种方法發芽比較慢,也可与盐水火煤灰拌在一起选种点播。(3)播种方法,通常用点播法,也可进行小株密植,行、株距各7—9寸,每穴播种5—8粒, Barley Gramineae annual herb; stem 4-5 feet tall, leaves alternate, long-lanceolate apex, a sheath. Summer flowering, spikes, items forming axillary; flowers unisexual, male flowers above female flowers. After flowering to form a round fruit. The peel hard shell removed, and then remove the seed coat, that is, become medicinal rice kernels. For nourishing tonic, rich in nutrition, the most suitable for the weak after the illness; and diuresis stomach spleen efficacy, but also treat tuberculosis, cancer, menstrual difficulties. The root can cure jaundice, leaf warming stomach with the use of qi and blood. Cultivation methods: (A) site preparation: (1) the climate is warmer cooler for the most appropriate, all over the planting. (2) Selection of suitable sandy soil, loess and semi-sandy fertile land. Appropriate when the sun and Yin Mountain and the wind should not be planted, and afraid of drought. (3) When soil preparation, three fecundations, three flushing water, and three fertilizer-laden basking crops, such as straw and ash fertilizer and piggery fertilizer, are used as base fertilizer, sowing. (4) sowing date in late April, early May (that is, a few days before the beginning of summer after the valley) is appropriate, not too late, or affect the growth of barley, short spike output. (B) of the seed treatment and sowing: (1) Because the shell is thicker and harder than other plants, planting should be dealt with before sowing. First with salt water and coal ash mixed together, and then open the barley seeds with blisters for a minute, pour the salt in the coal ash, mixed sowing. (2) warm water soaking on-demand method. Soaking time 4-5 hours can be. Sprouting this method is relatively slow, but also with the fire ash mixed with seed selection on-demand. (3) sowing methods, usually with on-demand method, can also be close-planting plants, rows, spacing of 7-9 inches, sowing 5-8 grains per hole,