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目的研究某医院住院患者医院感染变化趋势,确立医院感染基线数据,为加强医院感染预防提供参考。方法采用横断面调查方法,对某军队医院2010-2014年连续5年住院患者的医院感染现患率结果进行统计分析。结果该医院2010-2014年期间住院患者医院感染现患率依次为3.92%、3.84%、4.57%、5.20%和4.30%。医院感染率居前3位的科室分别是综合ICU、整形外科和肝胆外科,分别为16.33%、11.11%和10.56%。医院感染部位以手术切口为首位,占32.80%;其次分别为下呼吸道(30.11%)和皮肤软组织(24.19%)。该医院住院患者抗菌药物使用率由2010年调查当日的40.60%下降到2014年调查日的25.04%。结论该医院住院患者感染现患率处于可控范围,抗菌药物使用管理规范,应加强病原学标本送检和药敏试验,加强重点目标性监测。
Objective To study the trend of inpatients’ nosocomial infection in a hospital and establish the baseline data of nosocomial infection, so as to provide reference for strengthening the prevention of nosocomial infections. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infections among hospitalized patients in a military hospital from 2010 to 2014 for five consecutive years. Results The prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in hospital from 2010 to 2014 were 3.92%, 3.84%, 4.57%, 5.20% and 4.30%, respectively. The top three departments of hospital infection were ICU, plastic surgery and hepatobiliary surgery respectively, accounting for 16.33%, 11.11% and 10.56% respectively. The number of nosocomial infections was 32.80% with surgical incision, followed by lower respiratory tract (30.11%) and skin and soft tissue (24.19%) respectively. The inpatient antimicrobial use rate of the hospital decreased from 40.60% on the survey day of 2010 to 25.04% on the 2014 survey day. Conclusion The prevalence rate of inpatients in this hospital is in a controllable range. The management of antimicrobial use should be strengthened. The submission and susceptibility testing of etiological specimens should be strengthened to strengthen the targeted monitoring.