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目前我国许多城市大量兴建高层建筑及住宅小区,设计中都设有地下室。从平战结合考虑,这些地下室平时一般用作高低压配电室、泵房、水池、制冷机房等设备用房和地下汽室,而战时兼作二等人员掩蔽所的五～六级人防工程使用。在高层建筑地下室的通风与排烟系统设计中,由于排烟量远大于排风量,且排风要求从下部排出所需风量的2/3,从上部排出1/3,因而欲将通风与排烟系统合并。如果通风与排烟的气流组织能统一,则通风与排烟系统即可合一,就会大大简化地下室通风及排烟系统的设计、施工及运行管理。
At present, many cities in our country have built a large number of high-rise buildings and residential quarters and all have basements in their designs. From the consideration of peacetime and warfare, these basements are usually used as high and low voltage power distribution room, pump room, pool, refrigerator room and other equipment rooms and underground steam room, while the second-tier wartime shelters for the civilians of five to six civil air defense projects use. In the design of ventilation and smoke exhaust systems in the basement of a high-rise building, since the exhaust volume is much larger than the exhaust air volume and the exhaust air is required to discharge 2/3 of the required air volume from the lower section and 1/3 of the air volume from the upper section, Exhaust system merger. If ventilation and exhaust airflow organization can be unified, the ventilation and exhaust system can be one, it will greatly simplify the basement ventilation and exhaust system design, construction and operation management.