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移植物排斥反应是个复杂的过程,涉及诸多因素。体液免疫理论强调抗体极可能是引发其他连锁反应的关键因素,包括激发细胞免疫反应。历经100年的探索,体液免疫理论的发展主要经历了3个阶段,每个阶段的突破都是基于新观念或新技术的引进。第1阶段1914年染料排除试验的建立。该检测方法可在体外鉴定细胞的存活或死亡,从而可鉴定出细胞毒抗体。肿瘤免疫实验发现了小鼠的H-2位点及相关的移植抗原,提示有细胞毒作用的移植抗体导致了移植物排斥反应。第2阶段1954年微量淋巴毒检测方法的建立。通过分析淋巴细胞毒抗体与抗原的反应发现了HLA系
Graft rejection is a complex process involving many factors. The theory of humoral immunity emphasizes that antibodies are most likely the key factors triggering other chain reactions, including the excitation of cellular immune responses. After 100 years of exploration, the development of the theory of humoral immunity has mainly gone through three stages. The breakthrough of each stage is based on the introduction of new concepts or new technologies. Stage 1 1914 dye exclusion test established. This assay allows for the identification of cell survival or death in vitro and therefore for the identification of cytotoxic antibodies. Tumor immune experiments revealed H-2 sites in mice and associated transplanted antigens, suggesting that cytotoxic antibody transfection results in graft rejection. Stage 2 1954 establishment of detection method of microlymph virus. HLA lines have been found by analyzing the reaction of lymphocyte toxin antibodies with antigens