本世纪70～80年代初,结核病的发病、患病曾降低到较低水平,但自80年代中期因种种原因导致结核病疫情迅猛回升,其中危害最大、预后最差的两种情况是HIV/AIDS与结核分枝杆菌双重感染的增加,引发了结核病较高的死亡率、耐药和耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)的传播,特别是AIDS患者中暴发流行 In the early 1970s and early 1980s, the incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis had been reduced to a low level. However, since the mid-1980s, the tuberculosis epidemic rose rapidly due to various reasons. The two cases with the most serious and the worst prognosis were HIV / AIDS An increase in dual infection with M. tuberculosis triggers a higher mortality rate of tuberculosis, the spread of drug-resistant and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), especially outbreaks among AIDS patients