论文部分内容阅读
一、前言 乙肝病毒的围产期传播是指新生儿出生前后的一段时间内,由母亲将乙肝病毒传播给新生儿。由于新生儿免疫系统不成熟,感染乙肝病毒后,其后果较为严重,因此在防治乙型肝炎的工作中,对乙肝病毒的围产期传播较为重视,对其进行了一系列的研究,以期找到更有效的阻断乙肝病毒围产期传播的方法。下面将来的研究结果加以综述。 二、流行病学情况 乙型肝炎是严重危害人类健康的疾病,全世界约有3亿带毒者,而且在不同的地区,乙肝病毒携带者的分布情况也是不同的。在北美及西欧为低发区,携带率为0.1～0.5%,以性接触及经血液传播为主;非洲及亚洲为高发区,携带率为5～20%,以围产期传播为主。由于婴儿及新生儿免疫系统不
I. Introduction The perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus refers to the newborn before and after birth within a period of time, the mother will be hepatitis B virus transmission to the newborn. Due to immature immature immune system, the consequences of infection with hepatitis B virus are more serious. Therefore, in the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B, the perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus is more important, and a series of studies have been conducted to find out A more effective way to block the perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus. The following future research results are reviewed. Epidemiology Hepatitis B is a serious disease that endangers human health. There are about 300 million people in the world infected with hepatitis B virus. In different regions, the distribution of hepatitis B virus carriers is also different. In North America and Western Europe, the prevalence rate is 0.1-0.5%, with sexual contact and blood-based transmission. In Africa and Asia, the prevalence is 5-20%, mainly in perinatal period. Because the baby and newborn immune system does not