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目的:了解哈尔滨市2000~2005年低出生体重儿的发生情况及流行趋势,为降低低出生体重儿发生率提供科学依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法,在哈尔滨市抽取南岗和道外两个区具有接产能力的全部16家医院(包括乡镇卫生院),对2000~2005年出生的孕周≥28周的全部活产婴儿进行回顾性调查,填写产妇及新生儿调查表。结果:共调查活产婴儿15 112人(男7 861人,女7 251人),其中低出生体重儿486例,发生率为3.2%;各年度间差异显著,但城乡、性别间低出生体重儿的发生率均未见显著差异;低出生体重儿中<37周的早产儿223例占45.9%,足月产儿253例占52.1%;≥1 500 g的低出生体重儿是低出生体重儿的主要组成部分占93.8%,<1 500 g的极低出生体重儿仅占6.2%。结论:哈尔滨市2000~2005年低出生体重儿的发生率和发达国家的发生率相近;低出生体重儿以1 500~2 500 g为主,农村低出生体重儿发生的主要原因是早产,城市低出生体重儿发生的主要原因是宫内发育不良。
Objective: To understand the incidence and prevalence of low birth weight infants in Harbin from 2000 to 2005, and to provide a scientific basis for reducing the incidence of low birth weight infants. Methods: By stratified cluster sampling method, all 16 hospitals (including township hospitals) with capacity of taking off in Nangang and Daowai district were sampled in Harbin, and the gestational age ≥28 weeks born from 2000 to 2005 All live births were retrospectively surveyed and completed maternal and neonatal questionnaires. Results: A total of 15 112 live births (7 861 females and 7 251 females) were investigated. Among them, 486 were low birth weight infants, with a prevalence of 3.2%. There was a significant difference between years, but there was a significant difference between low birth weight There were no significant differences in the incidence of children; low birth weight children <37 weeks of preterm infants 223 cases accounted for 45.9%, 253 cases of full-term infants accounted for 52.1%; ≥ 1 500 g of low birth weight infants are low birth weight infants Accounted for 93.8% of the major components, while only <1% of those with very low birth weights accounted for only 6.2%. Conclusion: The incidence of low birth weight infants in Harbin from 2000 to 2005 is similar to that in developed countries. The main cause of low birth weight infants in rural areas is 1 500 ~ 2 500 g, Low birth weight infants occurs mainly due to intrauterine dysplasia.