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目的:研究重庆渝西紫色土N、P、K不同施用量和不同组合方式对金荞麦根茎产量的影响,探索该类型土壤下的施肥优化方案。方法:采用“3414”施肥设计方案设计实验,在Excel 2003、SPSS 13.0、Matlab 7.0和Word2003下对数据处理,根据双聚原矢车菊苷元含量评定其品质。结果:不同施肥组合,肥料的有效转化率有差异,其中有效转化率最高组合为N3P2K2,为97.09%,最低组合为N0P2K2,为4.32%;除空白组外,N0P2K2组产量最低为186 kg/667 m2,N2水平15 kg/667 m2,另外两种肥料组合在高、中、低三个水平上差异不大;一元、二元、三元函数拟合效果都较为理想,其中R2值排前三的函数是N、K效应函数、N效应函数和N、P、K三效应函数;不施肥组双聚原矢车菊苷元含量最高为8.67%,高N、高K组其含量降低,但所有的含量均高于7.14%。结论:不同施肥组合,对单一肥料的转化率有一定影响;该类土壤N肥施用量是决定其产量的关键肥料,故应偏重于氮肥施用;可以采用N、K效应函数、N效应函数和N、P、K三效应函数任意一种作为指导该类型土壤的施肥依据;施肥后各组药效成分含量虽然有差异,但不降低金荞麦品质。
Objective: To study the effects of N, P and K in purple soil on the rhizome yield of Fagopyrum cv. Buckwheat in Chongqing, western Chongqing, and to explore the optimal fertilization scheme under this type of soil. Methods: The experiment of “3414” fertilization design scheme was designed and the data was processed under Excel 2003, SPSS 13.0, Matlab 7.0 and Word 2003, and the quality was evaluated according to the biopolymer procyanidins content. Results: The effective conversion rate of fertilizers was different among different fertilization combinations. The highest effective conversion rate was N3P2K2, which was 97.09% and the lowest was N0P2K2, which was 4.32%. The lowest yield of N0P2K2 was 186 kg / 667 m2 and N2 level 15 kg / 667 m2. The other two kinds of fertilizer combinations showed no significant difference at the three levels of high, medium and low. The fitting effect of one yuan, The function of N, K effect, N effect function and N, P, K functions were not found. The highest polyglucosidin content was 8.67% All contents are higher than 7.14%. Conclusion: Different fertilization combinations have a certain impact on the conversion rate of single fertilizers; N fertilizer application rate is the key fertilizer to determine the yield of this kind of soil, so it should be more emphasis on the application of nitrogen fertilizer; N, K effect function, N effect function and N, P, K three effect function as a guide to the type of soil fertilization basis; after fertilization, although the content of each group of medicinal ingredients are different, but does not reduce the quality of buckwheat.