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新的《国际卫生条例(2005)》将原国际卫生条例中的3种检疫传染病即鼠疫、霍乱、黄热病,扩展到生物、化学、核和核辐射所引起的3种国际关注的公共卫生事件,所涉及的范围广泛,防控的难度加大,国境卫生检疫面临严峻的挑战。作者借鉴国外的成功经验,结合我国的国情,对我国口岸公共卫生的现状及存在的问题进行了分析。认为提高口岸应急体系及防控措施是应对口岸突发公共卫生事件挑战的重点。应对公共卫生挑战必须转变传统的卫生检疫模式,树立科学发展观,建立预警联动机制,合理配置卫生资源,进行风险分析,加大检疫力度,制定应急处理预案,信息整合,提高应对突发公共卫生事件的能力等综合应对措施。
The new “International Health Regulations (2005)” extends the three quarantinable infectious diseases in the original International Health Regulations, namely plague, cholera, and yellow fever, to three kinds of international public concern caused by biological, chemical, nuclear, and nuclear radiation. Health incidents involve a wide range of issues. The difficulty of prevention and control increases, and frontier health and quarantine faces severe challenges. Based on the successful experience of foreign countries and combining with China’s national conditions, the author analyzes the current situation and existing problems of China’s port public health. It is believed that improving the port emergency response system and its prevention and control measures are the key to meeting the challenges of port public health emergencies. To tackle public health challenges, we must change the traditional health quarantine model, establish a scientific development concept, establish early warning linkage mechanisms, rationally allocate health resources, conduct risk analysis, increase quarantine efforts, formulate emergency response plans, and integrate information to improve response to public health emergencies. Comprehensive response measures such as the capacity of the incident.