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近几年来抗真菌药物发展很快,我国市场上出现了许多新型的抗真菌药物。如何选择高效、低毒、广谱的抗真菌药物以及对新型抗真菌药物的合理应用,是临床需要注意的问题。 1 抗真菌药物的分类 1.1 抗生素类:灰黄霉素、二性霉素β、制霉菌素。 1.2 唑类:(1):咪唑类:克零唑、联苯苄唑、咪康唑、酮康唑。(2)三唑类:伊曲康唑、氟康唑。 作用机制:通过特异性阻断142-羟甾醇在细胞色素450酶系统作用下脱甲基生成麦角甾醇的过程,改变真菌细胞膜的化学成分,使其通透性发生变化影响真菌生长导玫死亡。
In recent years, anti-fungal drugs developed rapidly, many new antifungal drugs appeared on the market in our country. How to choose efficient, low toxicity, broad-spectrum anti-fungal drugs and rational use of new anti-fungal drugs, is the clinical need to pay attention to the problem. An antifungal classification 1.1 antibiotics: griseofulvin, amphotericin β, nystatin. 1.2 Azoles: (1): Imidazoles: clenbuterol, bifonazole, miconazole, ketoconazole. (2) triazoles: itraconazole, fluconazole. Mechanism of Action: By specifically blocking 142-hydroxysterol under the action of cytochrome 450 enzyme system to demethylation of ergosterol, changing the chemical composition of the fungal cell membrane, the permeability changes affect the growth of fungi, causing meiosis.