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目的评估2012年成都市成华区食用盐碘含量调整对居民碘营养状况的影响,为本地区制定碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。方法在盐碘含量调整前的2011年和调整后的2013年,采用多级抽样方法对居民食用盐进行碘含量测定,对8~10岁学龄儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、0~2岁婴幼儿、18~40岁育龄妇女5类人群进行碘营养状况监测。结果 2011和2013年,居民食用盐碘含量均数分别为34.5 mg/kg和27.1 mg/kg,2013年盐碘均数低于2011年,差异有统计学意义(t=8.535,P<0.01);2011年5类人群尿碘中位数分别为182.7μg/L、188.7μg/L、127μg/L、176.2μg/L和170.3μg/L,2013年5类人群尿碘中位数分别为185.6μg/L、124.7μg/L、107.3μg/L、108.2μg/L和121.2μg/L。食盐加碘量下调后,除孕妇为碘缺乏状态外,其他监测人群均处于碘营养水平适宜状态;孕妇、哺乳期妇女、婴幼儿、育龄妇女尿碘水平均有明显下降,但孕妇、婴幼儿、哺乳期妇女尿碘水平偏低的比例升高;儿童甲状腺肿大率无差异。结论食盐加碘量下调后,成华区普通人群和哺乳期妇女、婴幼儿、育龄妇女3类人群处于碘适宜状态,孕妇为碘缺乏状态,有必要结合特需人群碘营养监测结果,采取有差异的补碘措施。
Objective To evaluate the impact of adjustment of iodine content in edible salt on the iodine nutrition status of residents in Chenghua District of Chengdu in 2012 and provide the basis for the development of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control strategies in this area. Methods The iodine content of household salt was determined by multistage sampling method in 2011 before adjustment of salt iodine content and after adjustment in 2013. The iodine content of children aged 8 ~ 10, pregnant women, lactating women, 0 ~ 2 years old infants Young children, women of childbearing age 18 ~ 40 five groups of iodine nutrition monitoring. Results In 2011 and 2013, the mean salt iodine content of residents was 34.5 mg / kg and 27.1 mg / kg, respectively. The average salt and iodine in 2013 was lower than that in 2011 (t = 8.535, P <0.01) ; Urinary iodine median of five categories of population in 2011 were 182.7μg / L, 188.7μg / L, 127μg / L, 176.2μg / L and 170.3μg / L respectively. The urinary iodine median of the five categories in 2013 were 185.6 μg / L, 124.7 μg / L, 107.3 μg / L, 108.2 μg / L and 121.2 μg / L. Except salt iodine deficiency, the monitoring population in other monitoring groups are in the proper state of iodine nutrition level. The levels of urinary iodine in pregnant women, lactating women, infants and children of childbearing age are significantly decreased, but pregnant women, infants and young children , Lactation women with lower urinary iodine increased the proportion of children with goiter rate was no difference. Conclusions After the iodized salt dosage is lowered, the general population in Chenghua District, lactating women, infants and children and women of childbearing age are in the suitable state of iodine and the iodine deficiency status of pregnant women. It is necessary to combine iodine nutrition monitoring results of special needs groups with different Iodine measures.